Detailed Review Of Common Design Patterns In Computer Programming

Introduction

Design patterns are essential tools in a programmer's arsenal. They provide proven solutions to common design problems. This article aims to explore various common design patterns in computer programming, explaining their significance and practical applications.

Understanding Design Patterns

Design patterns are reusable solutions to common problems encountered in software design. They help in creating maintainable, extensible, and efficient code. One of the key benefits of design patterns is that they allow developers to communicate using well-known, established names for software interactions.

Creational Patterns

Creational design patterns deal with object creation mechanisms, trying to create objects in a manner suitable to the situation. They often help make a system independent of how its objects are created, composed, and represented.

Factory Method Pattern

The Factory Method Pattern defines an interface for creating an object but lets subclasses alter the type of objects that will be created. This pattern is extensively used in frameworks where objects are created without specifying the exact class to create.

        
            class VehicleFactory {
                createVehicle(type) {
                    if (type === 'car') {
                        return new Car();
                    } else if (type === 'bike') {
                        return new Bike();
                    }
                }
            }
        
    

Singleton Pattern

The Singleton Pattern ensures a class has only one instance and provides a global point of access to that instance. This pattern is useful when a single object is required to coordinate actions across the system.

        
            class Singleton {
                constructor() {
                    if (!Singleton.instance) {
                        Singleton.instance = this;
                    }
                    return Singleton.instance;
                }
            }
        
    

Structural Patterns

Structural design patterns focus on simplifying the design by identifying the relationships between entities. They help to assemble objects and classes into larger structures while keeping these structures flexible and efficient.

Conclusion

Design patterns are crucial for building robust and scalable software systems. By understanding and applying common design patterns, developers can write cleaner, more maintainable code that follows best practices in software design.